Acids

Acids are the substance whose aqueous solutions contain positive hydrogen ions (H⁺) , It turns blue litmus paper into red , it reacts with base giving the salt of acid and the water , such as Sulphuric acid H₂SO₄  , Nitric acid HNO₃ , Hydrochloric acid HCl , And Phospheric acid H₃PO₄ .

Economic importance of some common acids

Acids is very important in the human body because the stomach acids help in the digestion of proteins , And during the physical exercises , lactic acid is produced in the muscles ( during over exercises ) .

Acids are very useful in the house as Dilute HCl acid is used in manufacturing of detergents which are used in cleaning the surfaces , and they are used in polishing of metals surfaces needed to be painted ( coated ) .

Acids are used in industry where Nitric acid and Phospheric acid are used in manufacturing of fertilizers , Sulphuric acid is used in making car batteries , fibers manufacture and the oil distillation .

Acids and bases

Acids are very important in our food , Guava , oranges and tomatoes are rich in ascorbic acid ( vitamin C , You know that vitamin C ( ascorbic acid ) in oranges protect us from the common cold , It improve the immunity against the common cold .

The green leaves of vegetables contain folic acid which is necessary for the proper growth of cells , Orange and lemon contain citric acid which is used as a preservative substance in some food industries .

Bases

Bases are the substances whose aqueous solutions contain negative hydroxide ions (OH^–) , It turns red litmus paper into blue , It reacts with acid giving salt of acid and the water , It has a soapy feel , such as Sodium hydroxide NaOH , Potassium hydroxide KOH , And Magnesium hydroxide Mg ( OH )₂  .

Economic importance of some common bases

Bases are very useful , They are used in the medicines where Magnesium hydroxide Mg ( OH )₂  is used in manufacturing of antacids stomach medicines ( They are medicines that used to neutralize the stomach acidity ) .

Bases are very important in the industry where Calcium oxide is used in manufacturing of cement , It is used in the water treatment , And it is used in the reduction of the soil acidity .

The salts ( minerals )

The salts are the chemical compound resulted from the reaction of acid with alkali such as Sodium chloride NaCl , Magnesium Chloride MgCl2 , Calcium sulphate CaSO₄ , And potassium chloride KCl .

Economic importance of some common salts

The salts are very important in the human body where calcium and magnesium salts are the main components of the bones and the teeth , Phosphorus salts contribute to the formation of tissues , Sodium and potassium salts are responsible for the transfer of nerve impulses .

The salts are very useful in the food , Sodium chloride ( the table salt NaCl ) is used in salting and preserving the food .

The salts are used in the industry where Calcium carbonate is used in manufacturing of glass and cement , Potassium nitrate is used in manufacturing of fertilizers and explosives , Siver nitrate is very important as it is used in manufacturing of the sensitive photographic films .

Usage of sodium bicarbonate in our life 

Sodium bicarbonate is used in polishing metals , It is used in polishing silver by using a piece of aluminium foil during washing , So , silver restores its shine , It is used in polishing any decorative metal pieces that made of copper or chrome by rubbing it with the piece of cloth wet with the water and immersed in sodium bicarbonate .

Sodium bicarbonate is used in the kitchen , You can add a small amount of it in the bottom of the waste basket before putting the bag to prevent the bad odours , You can soak the legumes in the water and add a small amount of it to help in decreasing the bloating that accompanies eating of legumes .

You can add a small amount of Sodium bicarbonate in the kitchen’s sink and pour on it boiling water then notice the draining of sink becomes faster , You can use Sodium bicarbonate in the garden , You can place it ( without any additives ) in the places where the ants come out , by the time you will notice their disappearance .