Matter , Mixtures Types , Properties , Formation and Separation

Atmospheric air is a mixture of different gases such as oxygen , nitrogen , carbon dioxide and water vapour , Solution is a special type of mixtures , where its components are mixed and interfere till you can not distinguish between its particles .

Types of matter

Matter can be classified into pure substances & mixtures , Pure substance is the substance that is made of only one type of identical particles such as distilled ( pure ) water , sugar and baking soda .

Mixture is the substance that consists of more than one type of particles such as concrete , tomato sauce and mineral water ( mixture of water and some useful minerals as calcium and magnesium ) .

Both sugar and distilled water are considered pure substances because each of them is composed of only one type of identical particles , Both milk and concrete are considered mixtures because each of them consists of more than one type of particles .

Types of mixtures

There are many different types of mixtures , such as Solid-solid mixture , Liquid-liquid mixture , Solid-liquid mixture , Gaseous-Gaseous mixture and Gaseous-liquid mixture .

1. Solid-solid mixture consists of two or more different solid matter such as fruit salad and vegetable salad .
2. Liquid-liquid mixture consists of two or more different liquids such as mixture of vinegar and water , mixture of oil and water , mixture of oil and vinegar ( dressing of salad ) .
3. Solid-liquid mixture consists of solid and liquid matter such as mixture of sand and water , mixture of salt and water .
   
4. Gaseous-Gaseous mixture consists of different gases such as atmospheric air which is a mixture of oxygen gas , nitrogen gas , carbon dioxide gas and water vapour .
5. Gaseous-liquid mixture consists of gaseous and liquid matter such as a mixture of soda water that is produced from dissolving carbon dioxide gas in sugar solution .

Properties of mixtures

You can separate the tomato from the salad easily and eat it separately , The strawberry in the fruit salad keeps its taste and colour before and after mixing , You can add or remove the desired amount of vegetables in your vegetable soup , So , the properties of the mixture are :

1. The components of the mixture do not join ( react ) together and can be separated easily .
2. Each component in a mixture keeps its own properties , so , the properties of a mixture are the same properties of its components .
3. The components of the mixture can be mixed at any ratio .

A mixture of sand and iron fillings can be separated easily because the components of the mixture do not react together .

Formation of mixtures

A mixture can be formed by different methods such as shaking , stirring and grinding , A mixture can be formed by mixing two or more different matter together .

Where solid and liquid materials can be mixed by shaking or stirring such as mixture of salt and water , liquid materials can be mixed by shaking or stirring such as mixture of strawberry juice and banana juice , Solids materials can be mixed by shaking or grinding such as mixture of salt and pepper .

Separation of mixtures

The components of the mixture do not react together , so , they can be separated easily by simple methods such as :

1. A magnet ( Magnetic attraction ) is used to separate the solid mixture that contain magnetic substances such as mixture of sand and iron fillings .
2. Filtration process is used to separate solid materials that are insoluble in water such as mixture of sand ( or mud ) and water .
3. Evaporation process is used to separate solid materials that are soluble in water such as mixture of salty solution .
4. Separation funnel is used to separate liquid mixtures whose components do not mix together such as mixture of oil and water .

A magnet can be used to separate iron fillings from sand because the magnet attracts the iron fillings only and separate them from the mixture , Filtration process is used to separate sand from sugary solution because filtration process is used to separate the solid materials as sand that are insoluble in water .

Matter, Properties & Kinds of molecules, Melting process & Vaporization process

Formation of the solution & factors affecting the solubility process

Types of mixtures and solutions

Types of mixtures in terms of homogeneity